化学品概述
无色、无臭、无味,可压缩至高压的气体。 溶于水,微溶于醇。。不燃; 无毒; 可令人窒息
基本信息
- 中文名称:
- 中文别名:
- 英文名称:
- 英文别名:
- 分子式:
- 分子量:
- CAS:
- EINECS编号:
- MDL编号:
- 精确质量:
- InChI:
- InChI Key:
- MOL文件:
- PSA:
- LogP:
- FEMA编码:
- COE编码:
理化性质
- 外观性质:
-
熔点:
−210 °C(lit.)
-
沸点:
−196 °C(lit.)
-
密度:
1.2506
- 折射率:
- 比旋光度:
- 闪点:
- 溶解性:
-
酸度系数(pKa):
微溶于水、乙醇。
- 相对极性:
- PH值:
- 爆炸极限值(explosive limit):
- 敏感性:
- 储存条件:
- 检测方法:
- 蒸气压:
-
Merck:
13,6634
- BRN:
-
NIST化学物质信息:
http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=7727-37-9&Units=SI
-
EPA化学物质信息:
http://iaspub.epa.gov/sor_internet/registry/substreg/searchandretrieve/advancedsearch/search.do?search=?search=&searchCriteria(advancedCriteria)=casNumber=7727-37-9
安全信息
- 危化品标志:
- 危化代码:
-
安全代码:
38
- 海关编码/HS编码:
-
危化品运输编码:
UN 1066 2.2
-
WGK Germany:
-
-
RTECS:
QW9700000
- TSCA:
-
危化等级:
2.2
- 包装类别:
- 毒理资料:
-
灭火剂:
水
应用领域
用于制硝酸、合成氨、氰氨化钙、炸药等用于电器、食品包装充填气、半导体器件制备工艺中热氧化、外延扩散、化学气相沉积等,还可用于气相色谱仪用于稀有气体的提取冷冻、仪器或机件深冷处理等可供大规模集成电路作保护气,用作灯泡充填气等空气和氧气分散剂。制冷剂,可作为食品急速冻结的直接冷媒;包装用气体(用以置换包装容器中的残留空气,以延长保存期)。用量均视正常生产需要而定(FAO/WHO,2001)GB 2760—1996列为食品加工助剂。化学工业用于合成氨、硝酸、氰氨化钙、氰化物、过氧化氢等生产。纯氮气用作防止氧化、挥发、易燃物质的保护气体、灯泡填充气。液氮主要用作冷源,用于仪器或机件的深度冷冻处理及食品速冻。也用于低温微粉碎用及电子工业等。用于化肥,医药,畜牧,冷藏和电子工业等。用于金属冶炼、化工、机械加工等行业
制备方法/合成路线
空分法采用全低压流程,首先清除空气中灰尘和机械杂质,然后在压缩机中压缩,清除压缩空气中二氧化碳,干燥压缩空气,经液化、精馏,分离成氧和氮气。氮气贮藏在氮气柜;液氮送入贮槽,压缩的氮气充填氮气瓶中。
参考资料
- N; at. wt 14.00674; at. no. 7; valences 3, 5; elemental state: N2. Group VA (15). Two naturally occurring isotopes: 14 (99.635%); 15 (0.365%); five short-lived, artificial, radioactive isotopes: 12; 13; 16-18. Discovered in 1772 by Daniel Rutherford and independently by Scheele and Cavendish. Constitutes about 75.5% by weight or 78.06% by volume of the atmosphere; found frequently in volcanic or mine gases, gases from springs and gases occluded in minerals and rocks; an essential constituent of all living organisms; fixed or combined nitrogen is present in many mineral deposits. Prepn from sodium (and alkaline earth) azides by heating the azide: Tiede, Ber. 46, 4100 (1913); 49, 1745 (1916); Justi, Ann. Phys. [5] 10, 985 (1931). Prepd industrially by fractional distln of liquid air; by removal of oxygen by combustion; by reduction of ammonia. Purification of nitrogen furnished in steel cylinders: Kautsky, Thiele, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 152, 342 (1926); Kendall, Science 73, 395 (1931); Schenk in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry vol. 1, G. Brauer, Ed. (Academic Press, New York, 2nd ed., 1963) pp 458-460. Review of nitrogen and nitrogen compounds: Jones in Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry vol. 2, J. C. Bailar, Jr. et al., Eds. (Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1973) pp 147-388; R. W. Schroeder in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology vol. 15 (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 3rd ed., 1981) pp 932-941. Books: W. L. Jolly, The Inorganic Chemistry of Nitrogen (Benjamin, New York, 1964) 124 pp; Mellor's Vol. VIII, Supplements I, II, Nitrogen, part 1 (1964) 619 pp; part 2 (1967) 676 pp; M. Sittig, Nitrogen in Industry (Van Nostrand, Princeton, 1965) 278 pp.
MSDS
![](http://s.ewormhole.ostc.com.cn/res/images/list_page/y_hxp07.png)
图谱
计算化学数据
-
疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):
0.1
-
氢键供体数量 :
0
-
氢键受体数量:
2
-
可旋转化学键数量:
0
-
拓扑分子机型表面积(TPSA) :
47.6
-
重原子数量:
2
-
形式电荷:
0
-
复杂度:
8
-
同位素原子数量:
0
-
确定原子立构中心数量:
0
-
不确定原子立构中心数量:
0
-
确定化学键立构中心数量:
0
-
不确定化学键立构中心数量:
0
-
共价键单元数量:
1